The role of science and technology from the space research to the identification and exploration of the mineral resources is highly commendable. During that decade, two works appeared en seriatim that signaled what Steve Woolgar was to call the “turn to technology”: Social Shaping of Technology (MacKenzie and Wajcman, 1985) and The Social Construction of Technological Systems (Bijker, Hughes and Pinch, 1987).

From the Middle Ages to the Enlightenment, science or scientia meant any systematic recorded knowledge. Philosophy, Rhetoric, and the End of Knowledge: The Coming of Science and Technology Studies. Capturing Change in Science, Technology, and Innovation: Improving Indicators … Read More..